Process of making decolorizing charcoal and filtering compounds.



same.

UNITED STATES PATENT Prion,

CHARLES c. BARNES, or NORRISTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF MAKING DECOLORIZING CHARCOAL AND IILTERING COMPOUNDS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart Of LettersPatent No; 686,248, dated November12, 1901.

Application filed June 51 1901- Serial No. 63,235. [No specimens.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES C. BARNES, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Norristown, State of Pennsylvania, have invented acertain new and useful Process of Making Decolorizing Charcoal andFiltering Compounds, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exactspecification.

My invention relates to an improved decolorizing agent and the processof making the The main object of the inventionis to produce adecolorizing agent which may be manufactured at a greatly-reduced costto those now in use, while the decolorizing and filtering properties ofthe same are equal to anything heretofore used and are quicker in itsaction.

Heretotore What is known as bone-black has been almost exclusively usedfor depriving various solutions of their organic coloring-matters, andas this is a very expensive product I have provided a substitute whichis in the same form as bone-black and is used in substantially the samemanner and which also possesses superior decolorizing and filteringproperties and is capable of revivification in the same manner as thebone-black.

In the course of numerous experiments I have found that certain clayswhen intimately mixed with nitrogenous animal, vegetable, or mineralmatters and burned, when excluded or partially excluded from air, willform a ni-;

trogenous char havingthe same properties of decolorizing solutionscontaining organic col.- oring-matter or of purifying liquids containingalbuminous matter as bone-black or animal charcoal. I have also foundthat after certain treatment my improved product possesses the same forits use and revivification as bone-black.

In carrying out my process I take clay, which may be of any variety,although some are better adapted to the purpose than others, and grindthe same finely with nitrogenous animal, vegetable, or mineralmatterssuch as horn, hide, hair, hoofs, glue, proteins generally,nitrates, nitrites, ammoniasalts, &c.- and then mix with an additionalcarbonaceous matter, such as solutions of glucose and solutions of tar.The material is then mixed with water and placed in a horizontalpugmill, where it is thoroughly pugged, so as to reduce it toa plasticstate. It is then passed into a closed pug and brick machine and formedinto clots or bricks of about the size of ordinary building-bricks.These clots or bricks are now placed in drying-ovens, where placed insaggars, such as are used by potters. The bricks in the saggars arecovered with hard-coal dust, charcoal, ashes, burned clay, or some otherlike material, which serves to exclude the air from the bricks.

physical properties necessary and the bricks withdrawn from the saggarsand conveyed to the crushing-rolls, where they are broken up in fineparticles and afterward sieved to the required fineness for use.

fine or sale.

Instead of using clay as a base I might use some other material-such,for instance, as phosphate of lime. This would be suitable fordecolorizing oils, but would not be suitable for sugars, syrups, &c., byreason of its lacking proper physical texture.

The material or product obtained by the above-described processresembles bone-black very closely and contains all the essentialproperties as a decolorizing and purifying agent as bone-black and isquicker in its action and can be manufactured for considerably less thanthe cost of bone-black.

I do not wish to be limited to the particular details as above setforth, as various slight changes may be made without departing from thespirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-- 1. The herein-described process of formingdecolorizing and purifying compounds con sisting in comminutingandmechanically mix The saggars are then placed in kilns and heated up theyare thoroughly dried, and afterward The material is then washed toremove the dust and dried and is then ready for use ing a suitablebaseor carrier with nitrogenous matter and burning the two in areceptacle'from which oxygen is practically excluded, substantially asdescribed.

2. The herein-described process of forming decolorizing and purifyingcompounds consisting in grinding a suitable base or carrier withnitrogenous vegetable matter and burning the two in a receptacle fromwhich oxygen is practically excluded, substantially as described.

3. The process herein'described of making decolorizing and purifyingcompounds consisting in grinding and mixing a'suitable unbaked clay withground nitrogenous matter and burning the two while practically excludedfrom the presence of oxygen, substantially as described.

4. The herein-described process of producing decolorizing and purifyingcompounds consisting in comminuting and mixing mechanically a suitableunbaked clay with ni trogenous char and burning the same in a vacuum orpartial vacuum for the purpose set forth. v

. 5. A decolorizing and purifying compound comprising a base or carrierof ground porous material, a ground nitrogenous matter incorporated withthe base and carbonized and charred in said base substantially asdescribed.

6. A decolorizing and purifying compound comprising a base or carrier ofground clay, ground nitrogenous matter finely comminuted and mixedmechanically with the clay, the clay and the nitrogenous matter beingcarbonized and charred, substantially as described.

7. In a decolorizing filtering and purifying compound, the combination,a base consisting of porous burned clay, having incorporated in itsinterstices charred nitrogenous matter, animal, vegetable or mineral andcarbonaceous matter to form a homogeneous mass, the whole beinggranulated or reduced to small particles, for the purpose substantiallyas described.

S. Adecolorizing and purifying compound consisting of a basev of groundporous material and nitrogenous carbonaceous matter finely comminutedand mixed mechanically, the nitrogenous matter being carbonized andcharred in said .base and the compound broken into small particles in amanner substantially as described.

9. The herein-described process of forming decolorizing and purifyingcharcoal consisting in grinding a suitable base or carrier withnitrogenous matters, animal, vegetable or mineral, reducing the same toa plastic state by pugging, forming the same into clots or bricks,heating the same in vacuo at a high temperature and then reducing thesaid bricks to the required fineness by crushing and sieving,substantially as described.

10, The herein-described process of forming decolorizing and purifyingcharcoal, con= sisting in grinding a with nitrogenous matter, ousmatter, then mixing with water in a pugg'ing-machine reducing to aplastic state, forming into clots or bricks, drying the same, placingthe bricks in saggars and covering the same with a material so as toform a partial vacuum, placing the same in kilns and heating to a hightemperature, then cooling the bricks and crushing and sieving to therequired fineness for use, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 1st day of June, A.D. 1901.

CHARLES C. BARNES.

Witnesses: v

W. O. MORILLAT, CHARLES F. CLOUD.

base of porous material adding carbonace-

